Hoʻohana maʻamau ka kānana ʻana i ke one i ka ʻoihana ʻaila a me ka ʻoihana mālama wai.ʻO ke kumu o ka kānana ʻana i ke one a me ka ʻiliʻili ka mea nui e hoʻohana i nā kānana a i ʻole nā mea kānana e hoʻokaʻawale i ke one a me ka ʻiliʻili mai ka ʻaila a i ʻole ka wai.ʻO ka loko o ka kānana ka mea maʻamau i hoʻokumu ʻia me nā media kānana, e like me Johnson mesh, carbon activated, ceramics, filter screen, filter element, etc.Ke hele ka aila a i ʻole ka wai i loko o ka kānana, paʻa nā mea haumia e like me ke one a me ka pōhaku ma luna o ka mea kānana, ʻoiai e kahe ana ka aila maʻemaʻe a i ʻole ka wai mai ka puka o ka kānana.
ʻO ka ʻaila kekahi o nā kumu ikehu nui o ka ʻoihana hou.Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa pinepine ka ʻaila i nā sediment like ʻole, ʻo ka mea maʻamau he one a me nā ʻiliʻili.Hiki i kēia mau ʻāpana one ke hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻole i ka ʻimi ʻaila, ka hana ʻana a me ke kaʻina o ka lawe ʻana, no laila ʻo ke kānana ʻana i ke one he loulou koʻikoʻi i ka ʻoihana ʻaila.
I mea e kānana pono ai i ke one a me ka ʻiliʻili, ua hoʻohana ka ʻoihana ʻaila i nā ʻano hana like ʻole a me nā lako.E hōʻike ana kēia mau mea i nā ʻenehana maʻamau a me nā mea hana no ke kānana ʻana i ke one a me ka ʻiliʻili:
Mea hoʻokaʻawale: ʻO ka mea hoʻokaʻawale kahi mea hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e kānana i ke one a me ka ʻiliʻili.Hoʻohana ia i ke kumu o ka hoʻokaʻawale kino, a hoʻokaʻawale i ke one a me nā ʻiliili mai ka ʻaila ma o ka gravity sedimentation, rotational centrifugal force a i ʻole rotational potential.ʻO ke kumu hana o ka mea hoʻokaʻawale e hoʻohele i ka ʻaila a me ke one ma o ka mea hoʻokaʻawale i loko o nā mea hana, i hiki ai i ka ʻaila ke hele mālie, ʻoiai e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana one.
Nā kānana: ʻO nā kānana kekahi ʻano hana maʻamau o ke kānana ʻana i ke one a me ka ʻiliʻili.Hoʻonohonoho ʻo ia i kahi pale kānana i loko o ka pipeline aila e ālai i nā ʻāpana one, e ʻae wale i ka ʻaila e kahe.Hiki i ka pale kānana ke koho i nā kānana maikaʻi a me nā mea kānana e like me nā pono.I ka wā o ka hoʻohana ʻana, e hōʻiliʻili mālie ka kānana i ka sediment, no laila pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hoʻololi pinepine ʻia ka kānana.
Catcher: ʻO Catcher kekahi o nā mea hana maʻamau no ka kānana ʻana i ke one a me ka ʻiliʻili.Hopu a hōʻiliʻili ia i nā ʻāpana one i loko o ka ʻaila ma ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā mea lawaiʻa.Hoʻohana maʻamau nā pahele i nā hīnaʻi a i ʻole nā pale e hopu i nā ʻāpana, i hoʻoneʻe ʻia e nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe.ʻO ke koho a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā pahele e noʻonoʻo i ka nui a me ka nui o nā ʻāpana one, a me nā koi kahe o ka aila.
ʻO ka kānana Centrifugal: ʻO ka kānana Centrifugal kahi mea hana kūpono no ka kānana ʻana i ke one a me ka ʻiliʻili.Hoʻohana ia i ka ikaika centrifugal e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana one i loko o ka ʻaila.Ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka kānana centrifugal a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana i kahi ikaika centrifugal kūpono, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ke one a me ka kānana ʻiliʻili maikaʻi.Hiki i nā kānana Centrifugal ke lawelawe i ka nui o ka aila a hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana one me ka wikiwiki a me ka maikaʻi.
I ke koho ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano kānana one a me nā pōhaku, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia nā mea e like me ke ʻano o ka aila, ka nui a me ka neʻe ʻana o ke one a me nā ʻāpana pōhaku, a me ke kahe o ka aila.Eia kekahi, he mea nui ka mālama mau a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā mea kānana e hōʻoia i kāna hana maʻamau a me kāna hopena kānana.
He loulou koʻikoʻi ka kānana one i ka ʻoihana ʻaila.Ma o ke koho kūpono a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana kānana a me nā mea hana, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka ʻaila, hiki ke hōʻemi ʻia ka pilikia o ka pōʻino o nā lako, a hiki ke hōʻoia ʻia ka hana mau a me ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻaila.Pono nā hui ʻaila e hoʻolohe i ka hana o ke kānana ʻana i ke one a me ka ʻiliʻili, a e hoʻomau i ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻenehana hou a me nā mea hana, i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi mau ai i ka pono kānana a me ka hopena.
ʻO ka wai kekahi o nā mea waiwai nui i ko mākou ola.Eia naʻe, loaʻa pinepine nā kumu wai i nā mea haumia like ʻole, ʻo ka mea maʻamau a maʻamau o ia mau mea he one a me nā ʻāpana pōhaku.Hiki i kēia mau ʻāpana one ke hoʻoulu i nā pilikia he nui i nā kumu wai, e like me ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā paipu, a me nā mea hana ʻino.No laila, ua lilo ka kānana ʻana i ke one a me ka ʻiliʻili i mea nui i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā kumu wai.
ʻO ke kumu o ka kānana ʻana i ke one a me ka pōhaku i loko o ka wai e pili ana i ka hiki ʻole o nā ʻāpana me ka nui o nā ʻāpana nui ke hele i nā pores o ka kānana, a laila e loaʻa ai ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka wai a me nā ʻāpana.ʻO ka nui o ka pore a me ke ʻano o ka kānana e hoʻoholo ai i ka nui a me ke ʻano o ka particulate mea hiki ke wehe ʻia.ʻO nā mea kānana maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia me ke one quartz, carbon activated, ceramics, etc.
I mea e kānana pono ai i ke one a me ka ʻiliʻili, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana i nā ʻano hana like ʻole a me nā mea hana.E hōʻike ana kēia mau mea i nā ʻenehana maʻamau a me nā mea hana no ke kānana ʻana i ke one a me ka pōhaku i ka wai:
Infiltration: ʻO ka infiltration kahi hana kānana maʻalahi a maikaʻi.Hoʻohana ia i nā mea kānana multi-layer, e like me ke one quartz, carbon activated, etc., e kānana i ke one a me nā mea ʻiliʻili ma o intermolecular adsorption a me ka screening.I ke kaʻina hana o ka Infiltration, komo ka wai mai ka papa luna a kānana ʻia ma ka papa ma o nā mea kānana o ka fineness like ʻole.Hiki i kēia ʻano hana ke hoʻoneʻe maikaʻi i nā ʻāpana one i loko o ka wai, a e hoʻoneʻe pū kekahi i kahi nui o nā mea ola a me nā microorganism.
Sedimentation: ʻO ka hoʻopulapula he ʻano hana e hoʻopaʻa ai i nā ʻāpana one ma ka umekaumaha.Hiki iā mākou ke hana i kēia me nā pahu sedimentation a i ʻole ka poʻe noho.I ka wā o ka sedimentation, hana ka wai ma ka hoʻolohi ʻana i ke kahe ʻana, e hoʻopololei ana nā ʻāpana one ma muli o ka umekaumaha.Noho koke nā ʻāpana one nui aʻe i lalo, ʻoiai e pohō mālie nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi.Ma ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka manawa sedimentation a me ka hohonu o ka pahu sedimentation, hiki ke wehe ʻia nā ʻāpana one o nā ʻano like ʻole.
Sieving: ʻO ka kānana ʻana he ala ia e kānana ai i nā ʻāpana one ma o ka mesh o ka nui pore.Hiki iā mākou ke kau i nā mea nānā e like me nā pale a i ʻole nā kānana i loko o ke kumu wai.He ʻokoʻa ka nui o kēia mau mea nānā i nā pores no ke kānana koho ʻana i nā ʻāpana one a me nā ʻiliʻili.E kānana ʻia nā ʻāpana nui a hele ka wai maʻemaʻe.He mea maʻalahi a maikaʻi ke kaʻina sieving a hoʻohana mau ʻia no ka kānana ʻana i nā ʻāpana nui.
ʻAʻole hiki ke nānā ʻia ke koʻikoʻi o ke kānana ʻana i ke one a me ka ʻiliʻili.ʻAʻole e hoʻopilikia wale nā ʻāpana one i ka ʻike a me ka ʻono o ka wai, akā loaʻa nā hopena ʻino i nā ʻōnaehana kumu wai a me nā mea hana.Hiki i nā ʻāpana one ke hoʻopaʻa i nā paipu, hoʻolohi i ke kahe ʻana o ka wai, hoʻonui i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu, a hoʻopau i nā mea hana.ʻAʻole hiki i ka kānana maʻamau o ke one a me ka ʻiliʻili ke hōʻoia i ka palekana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o nā kumu wai, akā e hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola lawelawe o nā pipeline a me nā mea hana a hoʻemi i nā kumukūʻai mālama.
